cPanel users unable to access Terminal due to cagefs_enter error

Symptoms

On servers previously running CloudLinux, after uninstalling, cPanel users are no longer able to access the Terminal due to this error:

cagefs_enter: Error entering LVE#XXXXX -22

Description 

On systems that have uninstalled CloudLinux, there are sometimes packages that are left behind. Typically, these packages will be replaced by updates from the regular CentOS repositories as they are released.

The specific conflicting package is lve-wrappers.

Workaround

Log in to your server via SSH as root, or access the WHM Terminal as root, and run the following command to remove this package:

yum remove lve-wrappers